What are the differences between laser cutting and traditional processing technology?

The application of laser cutting in metal processing can reduce the processing procedures of products, significantly improve the efficiency of products and shorten the delivery time. A laser cutting machine can replace the machining center, special fixture, punch, etc., and can also reduce the cost of workers, reduce the waste products caused by human operation errors, and greatly improve the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece.

The traditional processing technology requires the production of mold machines, knives, etc., with many processing procedures, which lengthens the production cycle. With the investment of high cost and high cost of mold, the effect may not be as good as laser cutting. Moreover, in the later stage of modification, if it is traditional processing, it will waste a lot of time every time, and laser cutting is more flexible, which can constantly modify the product design according to the requirements of customers.

Laser cutting is easy to produce new products research and development, and the production cycle is short. The trial production of new samples will be more convenient after eliminating mold opening and other processes. Moreover, it only needs to make different graphics on the large version, and then let the laser cutting machine run continuously along the processing route.

Classification of laser cutting process

1. Vaporization cutting

Under the heating of a high-power density laser beam, the speed of the surface temperature of the material rising to the boiling point temperature is so fast that it is enough to avoid melting caused by heat conduction, so some materials vaporize into steam and disappear, and some materials are blown away from the bottom of the slit as ejecta by the auxiliary gas flow.

1. Melting and cutting

When the power density of the incident laser beam exceeds a certain value, the interior of the material at the beam irradiation point evaporates, forming holes. Once the hole is formed, it will absorb all the incident beam energy as a blackbody. The small hole is surrounded by the molten metal wall, and then the auxiliary airflow coaxial with the light beam takes away the molten material around the hole. As the workpiece moves, the small hole moves horizontally synchronously according to the cutting direction to form a cutting seam. The laser beam continues to irradiate along the front edge of the crack, and the molten material is continuously or Pulsatively blown away from the crack.

1. Oxidation melting cutting

Generally, inert gas is used for melting and cutting. If oxygen or other active gas is replaced, the material will be ignited under the irradiation of a laser beam, and another heat source will be generated by an intense chemical reaction with oxygen, which is called oxidation melting and cutting.

1. Control fracture cutting

For brittle materials that are easy to be damaged by heat, high-speed and controllable cutting through laser beam heating is called controlled fracture cutting. The main content of this cutting process is: that the laser beam heats a small area of brittle material, causing a large thermal gradient and serious mechanical deformation in the area, resulting in the formation of cracks in the material. As long as the uniform heating gradient is maintained, the laser beam can guide the crack to produce in any desired direction.

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