The working principle of sheet metal laser cutting machine is mainly the interaction between laser and material, and the interaction process is mainly divided into micro and macro phenomena. Microscopic phenomena are mainly quantum reaction processes, and macroscopic phenomena include the absorption, reflection, refraction, energy conversion, and transmission of materials to lasers. The factors that affect the cutting quality of laser cutting machines are very complex. In addition to the characteristics of the material itself, there are also some effects of equipment hardware. Let's have a look.

What are the factors that affect the cutting quality of laser cutting machines?

1. Beam characteristics: the notch width of laser cutting is greatly related to the spot diameter after focusing. Because the power density and energy density of laser irradiation is related to the laser spot diameter, in order to obtain a larger power density and energy scale, the spot diameter is required to be as small as possible in laser cutting processing.

1. Laser power: the laser power directly affects the thickness of the steel plate that can be cut. The higher the power, the thicker the thickness of the material that can be cut. In addition, it also affects the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece, the width of the slit, the roughness of the cutting surface, and the width of the heat-affected zone.

1. Cutting speed: the cutting speed has a great impact on the cutting quality. The appropriate cutting speed will make the cutting surface appear smooth and there is no slag at the lower part. If the cutting speed is too fast, the material will not be cut through, causing sparks to splash, slag will be generated in the lower half, and even burn the lens. If the cutting speed is too slow, it is easy to cause material over melting, the cutting seam to widen, the heat affected zone to increase, and even cause the workpiece to over melt.

1. Nozzle: the hole diameter of the nozzle and the distance between the nozzle light outlet and the material surface will affect the cutting effect.

1. Focus position: the focus position directly affects the notch width, section roughness, and waste residue adhesion. Different focus positions lead to different beam diameters and focal depths on the surface of the processed material, which will cause changes in the shape of the slit and affect the flow of processing gas and molten metal in the section.

1. Auxiliary gas: auxiliary gas is required for material cutting, mainly including gas pressure and gas type, which will affect the roughness of the cutting section and the generation of slag.

There are many factors that affect the cutting quality of laser cutting machines. If we fully understand the various factors in the cutting process of laser cutting machines, we can find out the process ways to improve the surface quality of processing materials and improve the surface quality of processing.

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