Metal laser cutting is one of the important applications of laser technology. With the development of fiber laser technology, metal laser cutting has gradually become the main market for laser applications, and laser cutting equipment has gradually become the main force to replace traditional metal cutting equipment.

The cutting process of laser metal cutting machine is essentially different from that of traditional machine tool processing. Metal laser cutting is to irradiate the laser beam on the surface of the metal workpiece, and achieve the purpose of cutting or carving by melting and evaporating the metal workpiece. Laser cutting has the advantages of precision and speed, unlimited mode, material saving, smooth end face, and low comprehensive processing cost.

Classification of metal laser cutting

• Vaporization cutting

The workpiece is heated by a laser beam with high energy density. Vaporize in a short time to form steam. Cut the material. The vaporization heat of materials is generally large, so laser vaporization cutting requires high power and power density.

• Melt cutting

During laser melting and cutting, the metal material is melted by laser heating, the nozzle is sprayed with nonoxidizing gases (AR, he, N, etc.), and the liquid metal is discharged by relying on the strong pressure of the gas to form a notch. The energy required is only 1 / 10 of that of vaporization cutting. Laser melting cutting is mainly used for cutting materials that are not easy to oxidize or active metals, such as stainless steel, titanium, aluminum, and their alloys.

• Oxygen cutting

It uses a laser as preheating heat source and active gases such as oxygen as cutting gas. On the one hand, the injected gas acts with the cutting metal to produce an oxidation reaction and release a large amount of oxidation heat; On the other hand, molten oxides and melts are blown out of the reaction zone, and the cutting speed is much faster than laser vaporization cutting and melting cutting. Laser oxygen cutting is mainly used for oxidizing metal materials such as carbon steel, titanium steel, and heat-treated steel.

Do you know the advantages of metal laser cutting?

1. High accuracy. The laser cutting incision is narrow and the cutting surface is smoother, without rounded corners and burrs often found in the mechanical blanking opening (the shortcomings of traditional cutting), and the cutting deformation is small.

1. The power of the fiber optic device affects the cutting speed, and increasing the power of the fiber optic device will also improve the cutting speed.

1. High efficiency. Laser cutting is non-contact processing (advantages), without the impact force during mechanical blanking (disadvantages of traditional cutting), so it will not produce the wear phenomenon of cutting tools. Cutting is formed at one time, without subsequent processing.

1. Good flexibility. Without tools and abrasives, combined with CAD technology, it can cut plates of any shape and size, especially suitable for cutting complex parts.

1. Easy to use. Cutting can be realized by importing graphic setting parameters into the computer, and it is simple and easy to learn.

1. Low maintenance cost. There is almost no maintenance cost for later use, and it only needs to replace the cooling water regularly.

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